Gyratory crusher having interchangeable head mantles

ABSTRACT

A gyratory crusher having a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on an upright eccentric and which head cooperates with an annular concave to form a crushing chamber therebetween. A material hopper is located above the crushing chamber and acts to feed material downwardly into the crushing chamber. Interchangable mantles are provided for the top of the crushing head and thereby one common head is provided for various types of mantles that are used for fine or coarse crushing operations.

United States Patent DeDiemar et al.

[451 Aug. 7, 1973 GYRATORY CRUSHER HAVING INTERCHANGEABLE HEAD MANTLES Inventors: Ronald B. DeDiemar, Brown Deer;

LeRoy J. Schuman, Milwaukee, both of Wis.

Barker-Greene Company, Aurora, 111.

Filed: Dec. 27, 1971 Appl. No.: 212,368

Assignee:

US. Cl. 241/207 Int. Cl. B026 2/04 Field of Search 241/207, 208, 209,

References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS Rumpel 241 215 2,590,795 3/1952 Rumpel 241/216 X Primary Examiner-Granville Y. Custer, Jr. Attorney-James E. Nilles [57] ABSTRACT A gyratory crusher having a generally conical crushing head rotatably mounted on an upright eccentric and which head cooperates with an annular concave to form a crushing chamber therebetween. A material hopper is located above the crushing chamber and acts to feed material downwardly into the Crushing chamber. lnterchangable mantles are provided for the top of the crushing head and thereby one common head is provided for various types of mantles that are used for fine or coarse crushing operations.

5 Claims, 7 Drawing, Figures GYRATORY CRUSHER HAVING INTERCIIANGEABLE HEAD MANTLES BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION The invention pertains to gyratory crushers of the type having a gyratory crushing head which is gyrated relative to the crushing concave to thereby crush material located in the crushing chamber between the head and concave. The size of the finished product to be crushed is variable and depends on the amount of space provided by the crushing chamber between the head and concave. The heads are provided with various upper cap portions, commonly referred to as mantles and generally speaking, a small cpnical shaped mantle is provided for the top of the head when it is desired to operate the crusher for coarse crushing. When it is desired to crush fine material, a different shaped mantle is provided for the head and which usually includes a horizontally disposed distributing plate that more evenly distributes the fine material around the crushing chamber and prevents excessively large material from entering the crushing chamber.

Heretofore itwas necessary in prior art devices to change the entire head inorder to change the type of mantle used in the crushing apparatus. Other prior art devices required substantial reworking and replacement, and the use of additional parts in order to effect a conversion from fine to coarse crushing, or vice versa.

Examples of prior art types of crusher head mantles are shown in the U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,881,981, which issued Apr. 14, 1959 and entitled Gyratory Crusher Concave Adjustment. That type of prior art arrangement had several shortcomings, among which was the difficulty in tightening the stud which had to be welded eventually in order to insure that it was secure. Furthermore, the depth of the tapped hole was critical and the arrangement in general was too small to accommodate fine crusher type shaft nuts. In addition, this prior art device required more parts and furthermore no burning ring was provided. Another type of prior art device is shown in the U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,468,342, which issued Apr. 26, 1949 and entitled Gyratory Crusher with Wedge Secured Bowl Liner" or the U.S. Pat. No. 3,533,568, which issued Oct. 13, 1970, and entitled Gyratory Crusher," all of which patents have been assigned to an assignee common with the present invention. The latter patent No. 3,533,568 utilized a threadedportion of the shaft which accepted the shaft nut and which portion was of such a large nature that it prevented any use of a stud type assembly for coarse crushers, thus limiting its use.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a gyratory type crusher of the type having a generally conical shaped head mounted for gyratory movement and which head cooperates with an upper, stationary concave to crush material in the crushing chamber defined between the head and concave. A material receiving hopper extends upwardly from" the crushing chamber and acts to distribute material into the crushing chamber. More specifically, the invention provides a gyratory crusher of the above type in which a common head is utilized for a plurality of different shaped mantles attachable thereto and detached by the type of crushing operation to be employed.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical, cross sectional view through a gyratory crusher;

FIG. la is of the threaded stud for the shaft;

FIG. 2 is a vertical, sectional view through a portion of the crusher shown in FIG. I, but illustrating a different form of mantle and stud mechanism on the head;

FIG. 3 is an elevational view, in section of the mantle shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a bottom view of the mantle shown in FIG. 3;.

FIG. 5 is a side elevational view in section of the stud shown in FIG. 2; and

FIG. 6 is a top view of the stud shown in FIG. 5.

DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT The gyratory crusher provided by the present invention includes a main frame] in which an eccentric shaft 2 is mounted by anti-friction bearings 3 and is driven through its lower bevel gear 4, through the bevel pinion 5 attached to the drive shaft 6. A generally conical shaped crushing head 10 is rotatably mounted by antifriction bearings 11 and 12 on the eccentric shaft so that as the eccentric shaft is rotated at a constant speed to impart a gyrating motion to the head, the head itself may be prevented from rotating. Such a means for preventing rotation of the head relative to the upper adjacent concave 25 is shown and described in the U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 212,553, filed Dec. 27, 1971, and entitled Gyratory Crushing having Anti-Spin Means for Head, said application being assigned to an as- .signee common with the present invention.

The concave 25 is supported by the support bowl26 which in turn is adjustably mounted on the upper frame 27. The concave support bowl and. upper frame constitute a concave assembly which is resiliently mounted on the main frame by springs 28 and bolt means 29, the

structure and function of which is described in the copending U.S. Pat. application Ser. No. 212,369, filed Dec. 27, 1971, and entitled Gyratory Crusher having Means for Retaining Spring Compression for Concave Supporting Upper frame."

A material receiving hopper 30 extends upwardly and above the crushing chamber 3l formed between the head and its cooperating concave, and this hopper acts to hold ,material and permits it to fall by gravity into the crushing zone. The size of the finished product is determined by the space provided between the crushing head andcrushing concave.

When itis desired to operate the crusher in what is commonly referred to as a fine crushing operation, a mantle 40 is provided for the head and such mantle has a cap or tall shaft nut 41 to the top of which is secured a generally horizontal distributing plate 42. It will be noted that the head 10 has a centrally located and internally threaded opening 45 into which is threadably engaged a tall threaded stud 46. The stall stud 46 is externally threaded so as to engage the threads of the head and the upper portion of its threads are engaged by the internallythreaded tall shaft nut 41.

Due to the heavy impact forces involved in such a crusher, it is impossible to remove the mantles from the head unless a burning ring 50 is utilized between the manganese lower mantle and the shaft nut 41. The burning ring 50 is formed of mild steel and has a guide notch 51 so that when it is desired to remove the mantle or cap, a cutting torch is passed around the groove 51 so as to cut the burning ring in two, thereby permitting removal of the mantle. To again assemble a new mantle, a new burning ring is placed adjacent the lower mantle 52 and the shaft nut 41.

As shown in FIG. 2, an upper mantle 60 is utilized for coarse crushing operations. This mantle is generally frusto-conical in shape and its tapered side complements and acts as an extension to the lower mantle 52 of the head. The upper mantle 60 is secured by bolt means 61, which is held in place by being welded to a modified form of stud mechanism 63, which mechanism is externally threaded to be received by the internal thread 45 of the head. A burning ring 50 is also utilized in this embodiment to permit removal of the mantle after it has been in operation for some time.

The upper mantle 60 and the stud 63 are additionally held together and prevented from rotating by interengaging projection and slot means. More specifically, the mantle has a series of slots 68 and projections 67 formed alternatively around its lower side (see FIG. 4). The nut has complementary shaped projections 65 and slots 66 around itsupper end for engagement with the slots and projections of the mantle. This construction prevents relative rotation between the mantle and stud but yet permits easy axial separation thereof. The bolt means 61 holds the two pieces firmly together but permits ready separation thereof when desired.

With the present invention, a common head including its lower manganese mantle S2 is useable with various types of upper mantles, the nut mechanisms for the various types of mantles all fit the commonly internal threaded opening 45 of the head.

We claim:

1. A gyratory crusher comprising, a generally conical shape crushing head, means to gyrate said head, a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith, a centrally located internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head, and a removable mantle cap having means for being fixed to said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.

2. A gyratory crusher comprising, a generally conical shape crushing head, a liner around and secured to said head, a burning ring abutting against said liner and mounted at the upper portion of said head, means to gyrate said head, a cooperating concave for said head and spaced therefrom to define a crushing chamber therewith; a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head, and a removable mantle cap having means for rigid engagement with the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.

3. In a gryatory crusher of the type having a generally conical shape crushing head, a liner around said head, a burning ring abutting against said liner and mounted at the upper portion of said head, means to gyrate said head, said crusher also having a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith; the improvement comprising, a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head and removable therefrom, and a removable mantle cap having means for engage ment with the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.

4. In a gyratory crusher of the type having a generally conical shape crushing head, means to gyrate said head, said crusher also having a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith; the improvement comprising, a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head and removable therefrom, and a removable mantle cap having means for engagement with the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.

5. In a gyratory crusher of the type having a generally conical shape crushing head, means to gyrate said head and also having a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith, a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, a liner around said head, a burning ring abutting against said liner and mounted at the upper portion of said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head, and a removable mantle cap having means for rigid attachment to the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head. 

1. A gyratory crusher comprising, a generally conical shape crushing head, means to gyrate said head, a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith, a centrally located internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head, and a removable mantle cap having means for being fixed to said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.
 2. A gyratory crusher comprising, a generally conical shape crushing head, a liner around and secured to said head, a burning ring abutting against said liner and mounted at the upper portion of said head, means to gyrate said head, a cooperating concave for said head and spaced therefrom to define a crushing chamber therewith; a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head, and a removable mantle cap having means for rigid engagement with the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.
 3. In a gryatory crusher of the type having a generally conical shape crushing head, a liner around said head, a burning ring abutting against said liner and mounted at the upper portion of said head, means to gyrate said head, said crusher also having a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith; the improvement comprising, a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head and removable therefrom, and a removable mantle cap having means for engagement with the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.
 4. In a gyratory crusher of the type having a generally conical shape crushing head, means to gyrate said head, said crusher also having a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith; the improvement comprising, a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said openIng and extending above said head and removable therefrom, and a removable mantle cap having means for engagement with the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head.
 5. In a gyratory crusher of the type having a generally conical shape crushing head, means to gyrate said head and also having a cooperating concave for said head which defines a crushing chamber therewith, a centrally located, internally threaded opening in said head, a liner around said head, a burning ring abutting against said liner and mounted at the upper portion of said head, an externally threaded stud threadably engaged in said opening and extending above said head, and a removable mantle cap having means for rigid attachment to the upper portion of said stud whereby different studs and mantle caps can be selectively secured on said head. 